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the U.S. Food System - Essential businesses for a safe and accessible food supply...


include: Farms, greenhouses and vegetable plants, orchards, pest management services, feed mills and agriculture supply businesses, agriculture equipment sales and services.

Animal feed and supply distribution network, transportation system from farm to retail, food and meat processors and manufacturers, veterinary services and supplies.

Distribution and transportation system from processors and manufacturers to retailers, retailers to include grocery stores and farmers markets, grocery delivery services, laboratories, and inspectors that ensure food safety.

The critical infrastructure industry include healthcare services and pharmaceutical and food supply

  • Medical and Healthcare

  • Telecommunications

  • Information Technology Systems

  • Defense

  • Food and Agriculture

  • Transportation and Logistics

  • Energy

  • Water and Wastewater

  • Law Enforcement

  • Public works

Food & Agriculture critical roles include:

  • Workers supporting groceries, pharmacies and other retail that sells food and beverage products

  • Restaurant carry-out and quick serve food operations – Carry-out and delivery food employees

  • Food manufacturer employees and their supplier employees—to include those employed in food processing (packers, meat processing, cheese plants, milk plants, produce, etc.) facilities; livestock, poultry, seafood slaughter facilities; pet and animal feed processing facilities; human food facilities producing by-products for animal food; beverage production facilities; and the production of food packaging

  • Farm workers to include those employed in animal food, feed, and ingredient production, packaging, and distribution; manufacturing, packaging, and distribution of veterinary drugs; truck delivery and transport; farm and fishery labor needed to produce our food supply domestically

  • Farm workers and support service workers to include those who field crops; commodity inspection; fuel ethanol facilities; storage facilities; and other agricultural inputs

  • Employees and firms supporting food, feed, and beverage distribution, including warehouse workers, vendor-managed inventory controllers and blockchain managers

  • Workers supporting the sanitation of all food manufacturing processes and operations from wholesale to retail

  • Company cafeterias – in-plant cafeterias used to feed employees

  • Workers in food testing labs in private industries and in institutions of higher education

  • Workers essential for assistance programs and government payments

  • Employees of companies engaged in the production of chemicals, medicines, vaccines, and other substances used by the food and agriculture industry, including pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, minerals, enrichments, and other agricultural production aids

  • Animal agriculture workers to include those employed in veterinary health; manufacturing and distribution of animal medical materials, animal vaccines, animal drugs, feed ingredients, feed, and bedding, etc.; transportation of live animals, animal medical materials; transportation of deceased animals for disposal; raising of animals for food; animal production operations; slaughter and packing plants and associated regulatory and government workforce

  • Workers who support the manufacture and distribution of forest products, including, but not limited to timber, paper, and other wood productsEmployees engaged in the manufacture and maintenance of equipment and other infrastructure necessary to agricultural production and distribution


a brief history of food and agriculture in the United States by highlighting events that shaped the development of the current food system. It points to the core drivers and major trends that will continue to shape this constantly changing and evolving system in the future. As the committee discusses in more depth in Chapter 6, the food system is a good example of a complex adaptive system where changes in one part (or outside the system) often generate unexpected outcomes in other parts of the food system. Assessing the effects of different configurations of the food system needs to integrate considerations of how key drivers and feedbacks will affect outcomes.


Food distribution is a process in which a general population is supplied with food.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) considers food distribution as a subset of the food system. The process and methodology behind food distribution varies by location.

Although food sold directly from farmers to consumers is a small but growing segment of the market, the overwhelming bulk of food is handled by several other sectors before being consumed. Initially, many commodities are sold by farmers to first line handlers or primary processors who aggregate, store, and provide initial processing of commodities before shipping them to wholesalers or the processing and manufacturing sectors. First line handlers include both for-profit commodity trading companies and farmer cooperatives that aggregate the output of individual farms to gain economies of scale and market access to the rest of the food supply chain.

First line handlers also include companies that wash, wax, wrap, and pack fruits and vegetables, as well as flour millers, oilseed processors, and other firms that prepare raw materials for use in the processing and manufacturing of finished food products. By-products from this sector often are fed to livestock or used in industrial processes. The food processing and manufacturing sector includes meat packers, bakeries, and consumer product goods companies that turn raw materials into higher-value packaged and processed food products.

The food products provided by first line handlers and the processing and manufacturing sector are often passed along to a wholesale and logistics sector. The wholesale food industry consists of companies that purchase and store food products in a network of warehouse facilities and then sell and distribute these products to retail outlets using an extensive transportation infrastructure. A logistics firm refers to a company that does not actually assume ownership of the food products but is paid to provide the service of logistical distribution and inventory coordination.

Ultimately, most food products are passed along to the retail food and food service sectors, where most consumers in the United States purchase their food. The retail food sector includes grocery stores, convenience stores, vending machines, and other retail outlets where individual consumers buy food products for home preparation and consumption. The food service sector includes restaurants, fast-food outlets, eating and drinking establishments, and institutional cafeterias where individuals purchase both food and the service of having that food prepared and served. This sector represents a growing percentage of the retail food supply.

Judge releases murder suspect because he was afraid of catching COVID-19 behind bars
Christian's mother, Ruth Tristan, who is still reeling from her son's death, recently learned Cruz was released on a PR bond, meaning he didn't have to pay a dime.
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Coronavirus Sufferer in Hospital...

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The Census of Agriculture is a complete count of U.S. farms and ranches and the people who operate them. Even small plots of land - whether rural or urban - growing fruit, vegetables or some food animals count if $1,000 or more of such products were raised and sold,



Importing Honey and Bees to USA

Did you know the U.S. produces more than 200 million pounds of honey annually? And altogether, Americans eat more than 400 million pounds of honey a year! Honey and honey bees are big business in the world of importing.

Importing Honey from China

Be wary of importing honey to US borders that comes from China. Chinese beekeepers use antibiotics to stop a bacterial infection from ruining the honey industry decades ago. The problem, though, is that the antibiotic, known as Chloramphenicol, is outlawed in the U.S.

The drug still finds its ways onto U.S. shelves though. China can ship its honey imports to other countries before the honey is then shipped to the U.S. under a different country of origin. Importers should check labels closely for honey imports and make sure they have one single ingredient: Honey.

During either a 30-minute or 1-hour consultation session you can cover a lot of ground with one of our customs experts. Which one works for you?

Packed Honey Labeling Requirements

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) requires the following on its honey labels to pass import inspection:

  • A grade, sampling or continuous inspection mark
  • The country of origin
  • Words that are legible and in English
  • The words “Product of,” followed by the country where the honey came from

Importing Bees

The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) does not monitor the transfer of bees as long as they are moving within the United States. However, bees are not allowed to be imported to Hawaii from the continental United States. Canada also does not allow the importation of honey bees from the United States.

You can never import the following to the U.S. from other countries:

  • Dead bees
  • Honey for bee feeding only
  • Beeswax for beekeepers
  • Pollen used for bee feeding

If you obtain the proper permit, you are allowed to import royal jelly to the U.S. for bee feeding for scientific reasons.

Bee Inspections

Importation of live bees involves the queens, plus package bees or attendants only. This means a queen plus three to five pounds of worker bees that are packaged appropriately. The export certificate must outline any diseases, subspecies or parasites that were found during an inspection. Shipments will be refused entry if they contain alarming diseases such as the Thai sacbrood virus

You should always check the General Shipping Requirements for Honey Bee Importing to make certain both the country and the bees you seek to import into the U.S. are on the list. Follow the following honey bee shipping requirements to make your importing bees to USA borders is a successful one:

  • Non-stop flights only for bees coming to the U.S. for bee importing inspections.
  • Provide full flight information
  • Notify APHIS headquarters of your bee shipment 10 days before importing begins. Include the full name, address, and phone numbers of both the consignee and consignor.
  • You need a honey bee import certificate from the birthplace of the bees, along with a manifest detailing your entire shipment.
  • Have a “Live Bees” sticker on every side of the package. Letters must be at least 1-inch tall.
  • You must submit a 10-day notification and a zoo sanitary certificate to the APHIS before the package arrives in the U.S. This mandate exists for express package delivery services too.
  • Schedule an inspection and a transfer for pickup of your bee imports once the bees arrive at the airport. You should also schedule a time for a Licensed Customs Broker to pick up the bees and ship them to your approved pick-up spot.
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